Session2 Text/HTML

Bits, bytes and binary
When we count and calculate the number by using ten digits which include 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to express quantity of the number. This is called the base 10 number system. We can interpret the combination of digits such as 27 or 365 or 2009 and can understand which combination is smaller and which is greater. However, there is no reason why the base ten number system is adopted in the way human count. Possibly it can be said that because humans have 10 fingers. Unlike humans, computers use the base two number system which has only two symbols, 0 or 1 to store data. Computers process and manage information by using the base two system. This is called binary system. Computers use a series of digits to interpret and transmit digital information and each of these digits is known as bits (binary digit). Two bits, for instance, it can express four different quantities; 00, 01, 10, 11 meaning 0, 1, 2, 3 respectively. 8 bits are especially known as bytes which can represent 256 different values. In addition to numeric data, computers can store and manage textual information by using alphabetical coding scheme called ASCII (the American Standard Code for Information Interchange and pronounced as-key). ASCII is used to interpret English alphabet letters (A-Z, a-z), numbers (0123456789) and other characters such as, !, @, $, %, &, which are commonly appear in keyboard of our computer.

Meta data and Mark-up
Data about data is called meta data. For example, additional context about main contents of document such as author’s detail, year and journal are represented as meta data. Meta data is added by using mark-up code which is tag with angle brackets.